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| Essential Knowledge and Skills |
Related SOL |
| Students should be able to: |
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| Interpret a groundwater diagram showing the zone of aeration, the zone of saturation, the water table, and an aquifer. |
ES.9 c, d, e |
| Interpret a hydrologic cycle diagram, including evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and runoff. |
ES.9 c, d, e |
Apply the following major concepts regarding freshwater as to current and future water usage and availability:
- A substantial amount of water is stored in permeable soil and rock underground.
- The Earth’s fresh water supply is finite.
- Water is continuously being passed through the hydrologic cycle.
- Fresh water is necessary for survival and most human activities.
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ES.9 c, d, e |
| Develop an investigation to determine the difference between permeable and impermeable materials. |
ES.9 c, d, e
ES.1 d
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| Identify examples of weathering (the process by which rocks are broken down by the action of water, air, and organisms) -both mechanical and chemical-and its by-products including sediments and soil and its products. |
ES.8 b
ES.7 d, e
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| Explain how geological processes such as erosion, and human activities such as waste disposal, can pollute water supplies. |
ES.8 b
ES.9 e
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| Define deposition as the process by which Earth materials carried by wind, water, or ice settle out and are deposited. |
ES.8 b
ES.1 c, d
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| Define erosion as the process by which Earth materials are worn away by moving water, ice, or wind and provide examples of erosion. |
ES.8 b |
Recognize that karst topography
- includes features like caves and sinkholes;
- forms when limestone at or near the surface is slowly dissolved away by slightly acidic groundwater;
- is common where limestone is abundant in the Valley and Ridge Province of Virginia.
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ES.9 a, b |
Review the landscape of the five physiographic provinces of Virginia.
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ES.8 a |
Sample Classroom Assessment Methods
- Lab practical
- Student presentations using Virginia geologic maps
- Quizzes
- Unit tests
Sample Resources
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