| WHII.10 |
The student will demonstrate knowledge of the worldwide impact of World War I by |
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a) |
explaining economic and political causes, major events, and identifying major leaders of the war, with emphasis on Woodrow Wilson and Kaiser Wilhelm II; |
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b) |
explaining the outcomes and global effect of the war and the Treaty of Versailles; |
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c) |
citing causes and consequences of the Russian Revolution. |
NOTE: The Virginia Board of Education adopted the revised 2008 History and Social Science Standards of Learning at the January 10, 2008, meeting. Full implementation of these documents is scheduled for the 2010-2011 school year, as outlined in Superintendent’s Memorandum Informational Number 49.
Explain that World War I (1914-1918) was caused by competition among industrial nations in Europe and a failure of diplomacy. The war transformed European and American life, wrecked the economies of Europe, and planted the seeds for a second world war.
Summarize the causes of World War I, using the following information as a guide:
• Alliances that divided Europe into competing camps
• Nationalistic feelings
• Diplomatic failures
• Imperialism
• Competition over colonies
• Militarism
Summarize the major events of World War I, using the following information as a guide:
• Austria’s Archduke Ferdinand is assassinated
• United States enters war
• Russia leaves the war
Identify the major leaders of World War I, using the following information as a guide:
• Woodrow Wilson
• Kaiser Wilhelm II
Summarize the outcomes and global effects of World War I, using the following information as a guide:
• Colonies’ participation in the war, which increased demands for independence
• End of the Russian Imperial, Ottoman, German, and Austro-Hungarian empires
• Enormous cost of the war in lives, property, and social disruption
Summarize the terms of the Treaty of Versailles, using the following information as a guide:
• Forced Germany to accept guilt for war and loss of territory and pay reparations
• Limited the German military
Explain how Russia erupted in revolution while fighting World War I.
Explain that Tsarist Russia entered World War I as an absolute monarchy with sharp class divisions between the nobility and peasants. The grievances of workers and peasants were not resolved by the Tsar. Inadequate administration in World War I led to revolution and an unsuccessful provisional government. A second revolution by the Bolsheviks created the communist state that ultimately became the U.S.S.R.
Summarize the causes of the 1917 Russian revolutions, using the following information as a guide:
• Defeat in war with Japan in 1905
• Landless peasantry
• Incompetence of Tsar Nicholas II
• Military defeats and high casualties in World War I
Summarize the rise of communism in Russia, using the following information as a guide:
• Bolshevik Revolution and civil war
• Vladimir Lenin’s New Economic Policy
• Lenin’s successor—Joseph Stalin
Below is an annotated list of Internet resources for this organizing topic. Copyright restrictions may exist for the material on some Web sites. Please note and abide by any such restrictions.
“Russian Revolution, 1917-1920.” Spartacus Educational. <http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/Russia.htm>. This site contains links to the Russian Revolution, including Events and Issues, Political Groups, Russian Revolutionaries, and Foreign Witnesses.
“Tsar Nicholas II.” Twentieth Century History. <http://history1900s.about.com/cs/nicholasii/>. This site contains links to resources about Tsar Nicholas II of Russia.
“Woodrow Wilson.” The White House. <http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/ww28.html>. This is the official White House site for information on President Woodrow Wilson.
The Versailles Treaty. Spartacus Educational. <http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/FWWversailles.htm>. This site contains the text of the treaty, as well as links to information about the Treaty of Versailles.
Virginia Standards of Learning Assessments for the 2001 History and Social Science Standards of Learning: History and Social Science Released Items for World History II. Virginia Department of Education, 2003/04. <http://www.pen.k12.va.us/VDOE/Assessment/Release2003/History/VA-RIBs_g11wh2-1.pdf>.
Virginia Standards of Learning Assessments for the 2001 History and Social Science Standards of Learning. World History and Geography: 1500 a.d. to the Present. Test Blueprint. Virginia Department of Education, 2003/04.<http://www.pen.k12.va.us/VDOE/Assessment/HistoryBlueprints03/2002Blueprint8WHII.pdf>. This site provides assessment information for World History and Geography: 1500 a.d. to the Present. |
