| WHII.5 |
The student will demonstrate knowledge of the status and impact of global trade on regional civilizations of the world after 1500 A.D. (C.E.) by |
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a) |
describing the location and development of the Ottoman Empire; |
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b) |
describing India, including the Mughal Empire and coastal trade; |
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c) |
describing East Asia, including China and the Japanese shogunate; |
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d) |
describing Africa and its increasing involvement in global trade; |
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e) |
describing the growth of European nations, including the Commercial Revolution and mercantilism. |
NOTE: The Virginia Board of Education adopted the revised 2008 History and Social Science Standards of Learning at the January 10, 2008, meeting. Full implementation of these documents is scheduled for the 2010-2011 school year, as outlined in Superintendent’s Memorandum Informational Number 49.
Explain that the Ottoman Empire emerged as a political and economic power following the conquest of Constantinople.
Explain that the Ottomans brought much of Muslim territory in Southwest Asia and North Africa under their rule.
Identify the location of the Ottoman Empire and describe its expansion, using the following information as a guide:
Original location of the Ottoman Empire
• Asia Minor
Expansion and extent of the Ottoman Empire
• Southwest Asia
• Southeastern Europe, Balkan Peninsula
• North Africa
Development of the Ottoman Empire
• Capital at Constantinople renamed Istanbul
• Islamic religion as a unifying force that accepted other religions
• Trade in coffee and ceramics
Explain that descendants of the Mongols, the Muslim Mughal (Mogul) rulers, established an empire in northern India.
Explain that the Mughal Empire traded with European nations.
Identify the contributions of the Mughal Empire, located in northern India. Use the following information a guide:
• Spread of Islam into India
• Art and architecture—Taj Mahal
• Arrival of European trading outposts
• Influence of Indian textiles on British textile industry
Summarize the process through which the Mughal Empire traded with European nations using the following information as a guide:
• Portugal, England, and the Netherlands competed for the Indian Ocean trade by establishing coastal ports on the Indian subcontinent.
Explain that China and Japan sought to limit the influence and activities of European merchants. 
Explain how the Chinese and Japanese attempted to limit the influence of European merchants. Use the following information as a guide:
China
• Creation of foreign enclaves to control trade
• Imperial policy of controlling foreign influences and trade
• Increase in European demand for Chinese goods (tea, porcelain)
Japan
• Characterized by powerless emperor ruled by military leader (shogun)
• Adopted policy of isolation to limit foreign influences
Explain that the exportation of slaves and demand for imported goods began to alter traditional economic patterns in Africa.
Describe the process of how Africa became involved in foreign trade. Use the following information as a guide:
African exports
• Slaves (triangular trade)
• Raw materials
African imports
• Manufactured goods from Europe, Asia, and the Americas
• New food products (corn, peanuts)
Explain that European maritime nations competed for overseas markets, colonies, and resources, creating new economic practices, such as mercantilism, linking European nations with their colonies.
Describe mercantilism as an economic practice adopted by European colonial powers in an effort to become self-sufficient; based on the theory that colonies existed for the benefit of the mother country.
Summarize the role of the Commercial Revolution and mercantilism in the growth of European nations using the following information as a guide:
• European maritime nations competed for overseas markets, colonies, and resources.
• A new economic system emerged.
• New money and banking systems were created.
• Economic practices such as mercantilism evolved.
• Colonial economies were limited by the economic needs of the mother country.
Below is an annotated list of Internet resources for this organizing topic. Copyright restrictions may exist for the material on some Web sites. Please note and abide by any such restrictions.
The Mughal Empire. Washington State University. <http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~dee/MUGHAL/MUGHMAP.HTM>. This site provides a map of the Mughal Empire.
The Ottoman Empire. British Broadcasting Corporation. <http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/history/ottomanempire_1.shtml>. This site provides an overview of the Ottoman Empire.
Taj Mahal: Memorial to Love. Public Broadcasting Service. <http://www.pbs.org/treasuresoftheworld/a_nav/taj_nav/main_tajfrm.html>. This site provides information on the Taj Mahal.
Welcome to Istanbul. Princeton University. <http://www.princeton.edu/~asce/const_95/const.html>. This site provides access to information on Istanbul (Constantinople).
Ming Dynasty. Minnesota State University. <http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/prehistory/china/later_imperial_china/ming.html>. This site provides an overview of the Ming Dynasty in China.
Qing Dynasty. Minnesota State University. <http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/prehistory/china/later_imperial_china/qing.html>. This site provides an overview of the Qing Dynasty in China.
Tokugawa Shogunate. Washington State University. < http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/TOKJAPAN/SHOGUN.HTM>. This site provides an overview of the Tokugawa Shogunate in Japan.
Japanese Art / Freer and Sackler Galleries.
http://www.asia.si.edu/collections/results.cfm?group=Japanese%20Art>. This site shows a selection of Japanese art objects.
Triangular Slave Trade. National Maritime Museum – United Kingdom
<http://www.nmm.ac.uk/freedom/viewTheme.cfm/theme/triangular . This site offers information and a map of the Triangular Slave Trade.
Virginia Standards of Learning Assessments for the 2001 History and Social Science Standards of Learning: History and Social Science Released Items for World History II. Virginia Department of Education, 2003/04. <http://www.pen.k12.va.us/VDOE/Assessment/Release2003/History/VA-RIBs_g11wh2-1.pdf>.
Virginia Standards of Learning Assessments for the 2001 History and Social Science Standards of Learning. World History and Geography: 1500 a.d. to the Present. Test Blueprint. Virginia Department of Education, 2003/04.<http://www.pen.k12.va.us/VDOE/Assessment/HistoryBlueprints03/2002Blueprint7WHI.pdf>. This site provides assessment information for World History and Geography: 1500 a.d. to the Present.
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