| WHI.9 |
The student will demonstrate knowledge of Western Europe during the Middle Ages from about 500 to 1000 A.D. (C.E.) in terms of its impact on Western civilization by |
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a) |
sequencing events related to the spread and influence of Christianity and the Catholic Church throughout Europe; |
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b) |
explaining the structure of feudal society and its economic, social, and political effects; |
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c) |
explaining the rise of Frankish kings, the Age of Charlemagne, and the revival of the idea of the Roman Empire; |
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d) |
sequencing events related to the invasions, settlements, and influence of migratory groups, including Angles, Saxons, Magyars, and Vikings. |
NOTE: The Virginia Board of Education adopted the revised 2008 History and Social Science Standards of Learning at the January 10, 2008, meeting. Full implementation of these documents is scheduled for the 2010-2011 school year, as outlined in Superintendent’s Memorandum Informational Number 49.
Explain that the Roman Catholic Church grew in importance after Roman authority declined. It became the unifying force in western Europe.
Explain that during the Middle Ages, the Pope anointed the Holy Roman Emperors, missionaries carried Christianity to the Germanic tribes, and the Church served the social, political, and religious needs of the people.
Summarize the foundations of early medieval society, using the following information as a guide:
• Classical heritage of Rome
• Christian beliefs
• Customs of Germanic tribes
Summarize the influence of the Roman Catholic Church, using the following information as a guide:
• Roman authority declined, while church authority grew.
• Monasteries preserved Greco-Roman cultural achievements.
• Missionaries carried Christianity and Latin alphabet to Germanic tribes.
• Pope anointed Charlemagne Holy Roman Emperor in 800 A.D.
• Parish priests served religious and social needs of the people.
Explain that the decline of Roman influence in Western Europe left people with little protection against invasion, so they entered into feudal agreements with land-holding lords who promised them protection.
Explain that invasions shattered Roman protection over the Empire.
Describe the feudal society during the Middle Ages, using the following information as a guide:
• Fief
• Vassals
• Serfs
• Feudal obligations
Explain how the medieval manor functioned as a social and economic system, using the following information as a guide:
• Rigid class structure
• Self-sufficient manors
Explain that Frankish kings used military power to expand their territory.
Explain that the alliance between Frankish kings and the church reestablished Roman culture in Western Europe.
Explain the Age of Charlemagne and how he revived the idea of the Roman Empire, using the following information as a guide:
• Franks emerged as a force in Western Europe.
• Pope crowned the Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire.
• Power of the church was established in political life.
• Roman culture was revived.
Explain that invasions by Angles, Saxons, Magyars, and Vikings disrupted the social, economic, and political order of Europe.
Describe the areas of settlement of the Angles, Saxons, Magyars, and Vikings, using the following information as a guide:
• Angles and Saxons from continental Europe to England
• Magyars from Central Asia to Hungary
• Vikings from Scandinavia to Russia
Summarize the influence of the invasions of the Angles, Saxons, Magyars, and Vikings on the development of Europe, using the following information as a guide:
• Manors with castles provided protection from invaders, reinforcing the feudal system.
• Invasions disrupted trade, towns declined, and the feudal system was strengthened.
Below is an annotated list of Internet resources for this organizing topic. Copyright restrictions may exist for the material on some Web sites. Please note and abide by any such restrictions.
“Einhard: The Life of Charlemagne.” Internet Medieval Sourcebook. Fordham University. <http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/basis/einhard.html>. This site provides information on Charlemagne and medieval history.
Castle Builder. San Bernardino County Schools - Author: Linda M. Ricchiuti. <http://score.rims.k12.ca.us/activity/castle_builder/#top>. Classroom activity – students are asked to plan a Medieval castle.
WelshCastle Index. Castles of Wales Web site. <http://www.castlewales.com/listings.html>. Pictures of many castles in Wales.
Medieval Europe Timeline. University of Evansville. <http://eawc.evansville.edu/chronology/mepage.htm> A Chronology exploring Ancient World Cultures (EAWC) timeline of Europe from AD 500 to 1509.
“Middle Ages.” Annenburg/CPB. <http://www.learner.org/exhibits/middleages/>. This site provides information on the various aspects of life during the Middle Ages.
Enter the Middle Ages. Minnesota State University. <http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/history/middleages/>. Information about Medieval Europe.
“Evolution of Alphabets.” University of Maryland. <http://www.wam.umd.edu/~rfradkin/latin.html>. This site provides information on the evolution of the Latin character set.
“The Vikings” Public Broadcasting Service. <http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/vikings/>. This site contains historical and cultural information on the Vikings, including video clips, interactive sites for students, and other resources.
Virginia Standards of Learning Assessments for the 2001 History and Social Science Standards of Learning: History and Social Science Released Items for WorldHistoryI.Virginia Department of Education 2003/04. <http://www.pen.k12.va.us/VDOE/Assessment/Release2003/History/VA-RIBs_g11wh1-1.pdf>.
Virginia Standards of Learning Assessments for the 2001 History and Social Science Standards of Learning. World History and Geography to 1500 A.D. Test Blueprint. Virginia Department of Education, 2003/04. <http://www.pen.k12.va.us/VDOE/Assessment/HistoryBlueprints03/2002Blueprint7WHI.pdf>. This site provides assessment information for World History and Geography to 1500 A.D.
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