Materials

• Questions on Phoenicians, Lydians, and Kush

Instructional Activities

1. Examine the civilizations of Phoenicians, Lydians, and Kush.
   
   
2. Discuss the following questions relative to each civilization:
   • What are the major contributions of the “minor” civilizations that developed between 2000 and 500 B.C.?
   • Since religion is one of the characteristics of a civilization, what was the religion of most early civilizations?
   • Since the written language is the final characteristic of a civilization to develop, what are the forms of written language that develop in the four cradles of civilization?
   NOTE: Students should take notes during discussion.
   
   
3. Class discussion should focus on the contributions of these civilizations and their impact on later civilizations.